{"id":18117,"date":"2015-08-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-08-11T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cadca1stg.wpengine.com\/2015\/08\/11\/niaaa-funded-study-explores-the-brain-mechanisms-mediating-the-potential-harmful-effects-of-teen-binge-drinking\/"},"modified":"2024-04-24T19:52:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T19:52:05","slug":"niaaa-funded-study-explores-brain-mechanisms-mediating-potential-harmful-effects-teen-binge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cadca.org\/fr\/public-health\/niaaa-funded-study-explores-brain-mechanisms-mediating-potential-harmful-effects-teen-binge\/","title":{"rendered":"Une \u00e9tude financ\u00e9e par la NIAAA explore les m\u00e9canismes c\u00e9r\u00e9braux \u00e0 l&#039;origine des effets nocifs potentiels de la consommation excessive d&#039;alcool chez les adolescents"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Comme les coalitions CADCA le savent tr\u00e8s bien, la consommation d\u2019alcool chez les mineurs et ses cons\u00e9quences restent un d\u00e9fi majeur de sant\u00e9 publique. Heureusement, les progr\u00e8s de la recherche continuent d\u2019am\u00e9liorer notre compr\u00e9hension de ce probl\u00e8me apparemment insoluble. Par exemple, selon une nouvelle \u00e9tude soutenue par l\u2019Institut national sur l\u2019abus d\u2019alcool et l\u2019alcoolisme, la consommation excessive d\u2019alcool chez les mineurs peut interf\u00e9rer avec les processus g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques normaux pendant l\u2019adolescence et perturber le d\u00e9veloppement du cerveau de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 conduire \u00e0 une consommation excessive d\u2019alcool \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte. Les nouvelles d\u00e9couvertes contribuent \u00e0 notre compr\u00e9hension des changements c\u00e9r\u00e9braux induits par l\u2019alcool qui conduisent \u00e0 des probl\u00e8mes d\u2019alcool \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte.<\/p>\n<p>Des \u00e9tudes ant\u00e9rieures ont montr\u00e9 que les personnes qui commencent \u00e0 boire avant l&#039;\u00e2ge de 15 ans sont quatre fois plus susceptibles de r\u00e9pondre aux crit\u00e8res de d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 l&#039;alcool \u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9 de leur vie que celles qui ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 boire \u00e0 21 ans. les gens consomment plus de 90 pour cent de leur alcool en buvant de fa\u00e7on excessive.<\/p>\n<p>La nouvelle \u00e9tude, publi\u00e9e dans la revue <em>Neurobiologie des maladies,<\/em> \u00e9tait dirig\u00e9 par Subhash C. Pandey, Ph.D., de l&#039;Universit\u00e9 de l&#039;Illinois \u00e0 Chicago. Pour mod\u00e9liser la consommation excessive d&#039;alcool chez les adolescents, les chercheurs ont donn\u00e9 de l&#039;alcool \u00e0 des rats par intermittence tout au long de l&#039;adolescence. Les animaux ont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 des changements de comportement qui ont dur\u00e9 jusqu&#039;\u00e0 l&#039;\u00e2ge adulte, par exemple une augmentation des comportements anxieux et une consommation accrue d&#039;alcool.<\/p>\n<p>Des recherches ant\u00e9rieures ont montr\u00e9 qu&#039;une structure c\u00e9r\u00e9brale connue sous le nom d&#039;amygdale est impliqu\u00e9e dans les comportements d&#039;anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et de consommation d&#039;alcool. Lorsque les chercheurs ont analys\u00e9 les rats expos\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019alcool, ils ont d\u00e9couvert que l\u2019ADN et les prot\u00e9ines des cellules de l\u2019amygdale \u00e9taient modifi\u00e9s de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 rendre les g\u00e8nes de l\u2019ADN de l\u2019amygdale moins actifs.<\/p>\n<p>En particulier, ils ont d\u00e9couvert une activit\u00e9 r\u00e9duite de deux g\u00e8nes dont les cellules nerveuses ont besoin pour former de nouvelles connexions entre elles, le facteur neurotrophique d\u00e9riv\u00e9 du cerveau et la prot\u00e9ine associ\u00e9e au cytosquelette r\u00e9gul\u00e9e par l&#039;activit\u00e9. La diminution de l&#039;activit\u00e9 de ces g\u00e8nes a persist\u00e9 \u00e0 l&#039;\u00e2ge adulte, longtemps apr\u00e8s l&#039;arr\u00eat de l&#039;exposition \u00e0 l&#039;alcool, et les chercheurs ont \u00e9galement observ\u00e9 moins de connexions nerveuses dans l&#039;amygdale de ces rats adultes affect\u00e9s. Les chercheurs ont \u00e9galement montr\u00e9 qu\u2019un m\u00e9dicament bloquant l\u2019activit\u00e9 de la prot\u00e9ine, l\u2019histone d\u00e9sac\u00e9tylase de classe 2, HDAC2, pourrait restaurer l\u2019activit\u00e9 de ces g\u00e8nes et favoriser la connectivit\u00e9 des cellules nerveuses. Les animaux trait\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentaient \u00e9galement moins d\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 et une consommation d\u2019alcool r\u00e9duite.<\/p>\n<p>Les chercheurs pr\u00e9voient d&#039;autres \u00e9tudes sur cette cible neurochimique c\u00e9r\u00e9brale afin d&#039;\u00e9tudier son utilisation possible pour inverser les effets nocifs persistants de l&#039;exposition \u00e0 l&#039;alcool chez les adolescents.<\/p>\n<p>Bien que des \u00e9tudes de recherche en laboratoire comme celle-ci puissent sembler \u00e0 des kilom\u00e8tres des \u00e9coles et des terrains de jeux de nos quartiers, les informations qu&#039;elles fournissent sur le cerveau des adolescents peuvent nous aider \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper de futurs traitements pour les adultes souffrant de troubles li\u00e9s \u00e0 la consommation d&#039;alcool.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As CADCA coalitions know all too well, underage drinking and its consequences remain a major public health challenge.\u00a0 Fortunately, research<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[360],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-public-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>NIAAA-Funded Study Explores the Brain Mechanisms Mediating the Potential Harmful Effects of Teen Binge Drinking | CADCA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CADCA represents over 5,000 community coalitions that involve individuals from key sectors including schools, law enforcement, youth, parents, healthcare, media, tribal communities and others\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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