{"id":18074,"date":"2017-09-20T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-09-20T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cadca1stg.wpengine.com\/2017\/09\/20\/smoking-and-surgery-what-you-need-to-know\/"},"modified":"2024-04-24T19:30:46","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T19:30:46","slug":"smoking-and-surgery-what-you-need-to-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cadca.org\/fr\/public-health\/smoking-and-surgery-what-you-need-to-know\/","title":{"rendered":"Tabagisme et chirurgie\u00a0: ce que vous devez savoir"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tobacco use kills approximately five million people annually around the globe. Here in the United States, tobacco use kills 480,000 Americans each year.\u00a0 The harmful effects of smoking on many systems of the human body are well known and have been widely published. Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Smoking and tobacco use increase risk of at least 14 types of cancers, including: lung, oral, throat, bladder, liver, and kidney, among others. A smoking history is also a known risk factor for increased complications with surgery. The nicotine and toxins from tobacco products can cause damage to and constriction of blood vessels. This can decrease the blood supply to healing tissue and increase the risk of wound breakdown, skin loss, and healing complications. While well documented that smoking traditional cigarettes causes these harmful effects, the use of electronic cigarettes, chewing tobacco, and other nicotine products can lead to such adverse health outcomes as well.<\/p>\n<p>En chirurgie reconstructive \u00e0 partir d&#039;un diagnostic de cancer, le tabagisme peut \u00eatre particuli\u00e8rement nocif car il peut retarder la gu\u00e9rison et affecter n\u00e9gativement l&#039;efficacit\u00e9 d&#039;autres traitements contre le cancer tels que la radioth\u00e9rapie et la chimioth\u00e9rapie. Le tabagisme peut \u00e9galement nuire au r\u00e9sultat esth\u00e9tique d&#039;une reconstruction et augmenter le besoin d&#039;autres interventions chirurgicales. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que l&#039;arr\u00eat du tabac peut entra\u00eener des <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/21295194\">une r\u00e9duction de 20 \u00e0 30 %<\/a> dans les complications, mais cela varie selon la chirurgie.<\/p>\n<p>Dans la reconstruction du cancer du sein, le tabagisme a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tabli comme un facteur de risque de perte de peau du lambeau de mastectomie, en particulier dans la mastectomie \u00e9pargnant le mamelon (chirurgie o\u00f9 le mamelon n&#039;est pas retir\u00e9). Par exemple, une femme de 50 ans qui s&#039;est pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e avec un cancer du sein nouvellement diagnostiqu\u00e9 \u00e9tait une bonne candidate pour une mastectomie \u00e9pargnant le mamelon. La chirurgie a \u00e9t\u00e9 coordonn\u00e9e avec l&#039;oncologue chirurgical et le chirurgien plasticien pour la reconstruction. Le m\u00eame jour que la mastectomie, le chirurgien plasticien a plac\u00e9 un extenseur sous le muscle pour aider \u00e0 recr\u00e9er la poche de poitrine au fil du temps. Le patient fumait un paquet de cigarettes traditionnelles par jour et \u00e9tait incapable de s&#039;arr\u00eater avant la chirurgie. Elle continue \u00e9galement \u00e0 fumer apr\u00e8s la chirurgie. Le lendemain de l&#039;op\u00e9ration, son mamelon a l&#039;air plus fonc\u00e9 que la normale et au cours de la semaine suivante, il meurt lentement avec une petite quantit\u00e9 de peau autour. Elle doit retourner au bloc op\u00e9ratoire pour faire retirer la peau morte et le mamelon. De plus, l&#039;expanseur tissulaire doit \u00eatre retir\u00e9 en raison de la perte de peau et de la contamination.<\/p>\n<p>Continuer \u00e0 fumer des cigarettes traditionnelles (ou \u00e0 utiliser d&#039;autres produits du tabac) apr\u00e8s un diagnostic de cancer, un traitement et une chirurgie reconstructive a conduit la patiente mentionn\u00e9e ci-dessus \u00e0 perdre son mamelon et d&#039;autres complications. Non seulement elle a perdu son mamelon inutilement, mais elle doit maintenant retarder l&#039;expansion des tissus et la reconstruction mammaire finale. Ce cas n&#039;est qu&#039;un exemple de la fa\u00e7on dont le tabagisme peut entra\u00eener davantage de chirurgies, de complications et des r\u00e9sultats de reconstruction moins acceptables. Certains patients qui continuent de fumer ou d&#039;utiliser des produits du tabac apr\u00e8s une chirurgie reconstructive li\u00e9e au cancer peuvent avoir des incisions qui ne gu\u00e9rissent pas correctement, n\u00e9cessitant des semaines ou des mois de changement de pansement sur les plaies qui entra\u00eenent une cicatrice large ou d\u00e9prim\u00e9e. Ce sc\u00e9nario ne dresse pas l&#039;image d&#039;un patient non observant, mais plus encore de la nature addictive de la nicotine dans les produits du tabac et de la difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 r\u00e9ussir une tentative d&#039;arr\u00eat.<\/p>\n<p>En ce qui concerne la chirurgie et le tabagisme, une p\u00e9riode d&#039;arr\u00eat d&#039;au moins quatre \u00e0 six semaines a \u00e9t\u00e9 recommand\u00e9e. Certains m\u00e9decins feront un test de nicotine avant la chirurgie pour s&#039;assurer que le patient a \u00e9t\u00e9 conforme et qu&#039;il est s\u00e9curitaire de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 la chirurgie. Non seulement l&#039;arr\u00eat du tabac aidera \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les complications chirurgicales et \u00e0 augmenter la capacit\u00e9 de cicatrisation des plaies, mais il sera \u00e9galement b\u00e9n\u00e9fique pour le bien-\u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, y compris la sant\u00e9 du c\u0153ur et du cerveau. Pour obtenir des ressources et des conseils sur le sevrage \u00e0 votre disposition, veuillez visiter le <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tobacco\/campaign\/tips\/quit-smoking\/guide\/\">Guide du CDC pour arr\u00eater de fumer Site Web<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tobacco use kills approximately five million people annually around the globe. Here in the United States, tobacco use kills 480,000<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":2346,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[360],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18074","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-public-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Smoking and Surgery: What You Need to Know | CADCA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CADCA represents over 5,000 community coalitions that involve individuals from key sectors including schools, law enforcement, youth, parents, healthcare, media, tribal communities and others\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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