{"id":18117,"date":"2015-08-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-08-11T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cadca1stg.wpengine.com\/2015\/08\/11\/niaaa-funded-study-explores-the-brain-mechanisms-mediating-the-potential-harmful-effects-of-teen-binge-drinking\/"},"modified":"2024-04-24T19:52:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T19:52:05","slug":"niaaa-funded-study-explores-brain-mechanisms-mediating-potential-harmful-effects-teen-binge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cadca.org\/es\/public-health\/niaaa-funded-study-explores-brain-mechanisms-mediating-potential-harmful-effects-teen-binge\/","title":{"rendered":"Un estudio financiado por la NIAAA explora los mecanismos cerebrales que median los posibles efectos nocivos del consumo excesivo de alcohol en los adolescentes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Como bien saben las coaliciones de CADCA, el consumo de alcohol entre menores de edad y sus consecuencias siguen siendo un importante desaf\u00edo para la salud p\u00fablica. Afortunadamente, los avances en la investigaci\u00f3n contin\u00faan mejorando nuestra comprensi\u00f3n de este problema aparentemente intratable. Por ejemplo, seg\u00fan un nuevo estudio respaldado por el Instituto Nacional sobre Abuso de Alcohol y Alcoholismo, el consumo excesivo de alcohol en menores de edad puede interferir con los procesos gen\u00e9ticos normales durante la adolescencia y puede alterar el desarrollo del cerebro de maneras que conducen al consumo excesivo de alcohol en la edad adulta. Los nuevos hallazgos contribuyen a nuestra comprensi\u00f3n de los cambios cerebrales inducidos por el alcohol que conducen a problemas con el alcohol en la edad adulta.<\/p>\n<p>Estudios anteriores han demostrado que las personas que empiezan a beber antes de los 15 a\u00f1os tienen cuatro veces m\u00e1s probabilidades de cumplir los criterios de dependencia del alcohol en alg\u00fan momento de sus vidas que aquellas que empiezan a beber a los 21 a\u00f1os. Los patrones de consumo de alcohol tambi\u00e9n son importantes, especialmente desde que son j\u00f3venes. las personas consumen m\u00e1s del 90 por ciento de su alcohol mediante atracones.<\/p>\n<p>El nuevo estudio, publicado en la revista <em>Neurobiolog\u00eda de la enfermedad,<\/em> fue dirigido por Subhash C. Pandey, Ph.D., de la Universidad de Illinois en Chicago. Para modelar el consumo excesivo de alcohol entre adolescentes en humanos, los investigadores dieron alcohol a ratas de forma intermitente durante la adolescencia. Los animales exhibieron cambios de comportamiento que duraron hasta la edad adulta, por ejemplo, un aumento de comportamientos similares a la ansiedad y un aumento de la ingesta de alcohol.<\/p>\n<p>Investigaciones anteriores han demostrado que una estructura cerebral conocida como am\u00edgdala est\u00e1 involucrada en la ansiedad y las conductas de consumo de alcohol. Cuando los investigadores analizaron las ratas expuestas al alcohol, encontraron que el ADN y las prote\u00ednas dentro de las c\u00e9lulas de la am\u00edgdala se modificaron de una manera que hac\u00eda que los genes dentro del ADN de la am\u00edgdala fueran menos activos.<\/p>\n<p>En particular, encontraron una actividad reducida de dos genes que las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas necesitan para formar nuevas conexiones entre s\u00ed: el factor neurotr\u00f3fico derivado del cerebro y la prote\u00edna asociada al citoesqueleto regulada por actividad. La actividad disminuida de estos genes persisti\u00f3 en la edad adulta, mucho despu\u00e9s de que cesara la exposici\u00f3n al alcohol, y los investigadores tambi\u00e9n observaron menos conexiones nerviosas en la am\u00edgdala de estas ratas adultas afectadas. Los investigadores tambi\u00e9n demostraron que un f\u00e1rmaco que bloquea la actividad de la prote\u00edna, la histona desacetilasa clase 2, HDAC2, podr\u00eda restaurar la actividad de estos genes y promover la conectividad de las c\u00e9lulas nerviosas. Los animales tratados tambi\u00e9n mostraron menos ansiedad y una menor ingesta de alcohol.<\/p>\n<p>Los investigadores planean estudios adicionales de este objetivo neuroqu\u00edmico cerebral para investigar su posible uso para revertir los efectos nocivos persistentes de la exposici\u00f3n al alcohol en los adolescentes.<\/p>\n<p>Si bien estudios de investigaci\u00f3n de laboratorio como este pueden parecer muy alejados de las escuelas y campos de juego de nuestros vecindarios, la informaci\u00f3n que brindan sobre el cerebro adolescente puede ayudarnos a desarrollar tratamientos futuros para adultos con trastorno por consumo de alcohol.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As CADCA coalitions know all too well, underage drinking and its consequences remain a major public health challenge.\u00a0 Fortunately, research<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[360],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18117","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-public-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>NIAAA-Funded Study Explores the Brain Mechanisms Mediating the Potential Harmful Effects of Teen Binge Drinking | CADCA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CADCA represents over 5,000 community coalitions that involve individuals from key sectors including schools, law enforcement, youth, parents, healthcare, media, tribal communities and others\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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