{"id":18076,"date":"2017-09-07T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-09-07T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cadca1stg.wpengine.com\/2017\/09\/07\/human-papilloma-virus-connected-with-head-and-neck-cancer\/"},"modified":"2024-04-24T19:30:54","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T19:30:54","slug":"human-papilloma-virus-connected-with-head-and-neck-cancer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cadca.org\/es\/public-health\/human-papilloma-virus-connected-with-head-and-neck-cancer\/","title":{"rendered":"Virus del papiloma humano relacionado con el c\u00e1ncer de cabeza y cuello"},"content":{"rendered":"

En 2007, la Agencia Internacional para la Investigaci\u00f3n del C\u00e1ncer afirm\u00f3 que hab\u00eda evidencia suficiente para concluir que el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) es una causa de c\u00e1ncer de cabeza y cuello (CCH). De los 12,7 millones de nuevos c\u00e1nceres estimados que ocurrieron en 2008 en todo el mundo, el 4,8 por ciento fueron atribuibles a la infecci\u00f3n por VPH.<\/p>\n

El VPH es una infecci\u00f3n de transmisi\u00f3n sexual (ITS) com\u00fan. La infecci\u00f3n por tipos de bajo riesgo, como el VPH-6 y el VPH-11, puede causar verrugas anogenitales u orales, mientras que la infecci\u00f3n por los tipos de alto riesgo, como el VPH-16 y el VPH-18, puede causar c\u00e1nceres de cuello uterino, pene, vulva, vagina, ano y orofaringe (incluida la base de la lengua y las am\u00edgdalas). El VPH se encuentra en aproximadamente el 70 por ciento de los c\u00e1nceres de orofaringe, pero rara vez se identifica en el HNC desarrollado en sitios distintos de la orofaringe (como la cavidad oral, la laringe, la hipofaringe, etc.). HNC de la orofaringe (OPC) es predicho<\/a> convertirse en el c\u00e1ncer positivo al VPH m\u00e1s com\u00fan, superando al c\u00e1ncer de cuello uterino en 2020. En 2017, de los 33.000 c\u00e1nceres asociados al VPH en los EE. UU., es Se calcula que 16.000 ser\u00e1n OPC<\/a>.<\/p>\n

En los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, hemos adquirido un conocimiento notable sobre las diferencias entre el HNC VPH positivo y el VPH negativo, que se perfila cada vez m\u00e1s como dos entidades diferentes. C\u00e1ncer VPH positivo<\/a> Afecta preferentemente a pacientes varones blancos m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes y de mayor nivel socioecon\u00f3mico. El sexo oral es el principal factor de riesgo para este tipo de c\u00e1ncer y el consumo de marihuana se considera un cofactor. De manera similar, el consumo de tabaco es el principal factor de riesgo para el HNC VPH negativo y el consumo de alcohol se considera el principal cofactor. Los hombres se ven afectados tres veces m\u00e1s que las mujeres en ambos tipos de c\u00e1ncer. Los estudios muestran que los pacientes con HNC VPH positivo tienen la mitad del riesgo de muerte que los pacientes con HNC VPH negativo, independientemente del tipo de tratamiento. Los pacientes con c\u00e1nceres VPH positivos son m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes, m\u00e1s saludables y tienen muchas m\u00e1s probabilidades de ser sobrevivientes frente a las consecuencias a largo plazo del tratamiento. El delicado equilibrio entre curaci\u00f3n y toxicidad es de suma importancia en el tratamiento de la HNC, ya que un mejor pron\u00f3stico y respuesta al tratamiento a\u00f1ade una nueva dimensi\u00f3n. Se est\u00e1n realizando importantes esfuerzos de investigaci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica para desintensificar el tratamiento de los pacientes con HNC VPH positivo. Obtenga m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre los diferentes esfuerzos de investigaci\u00f3n cl\u00ednica relacionados con el VPH, incluido c\u00f3mo puede provocar c\u00e1ncer de cabeza y cuello, haciendo clic aqu\u00ed<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Fumar entre pacientes VPH positivos afecta negativamente el pron\u00f3stico. Los esfuerzos de salud p\u00fablica han reducido la tasa de tabaquismo de cualquier producto de tabaco en los Estados Unidos del 40 por ciento en 1965 al 20 por ciento actualmente, y la disminuci\u00f3n en la tasa de tabaquismo parece haber resultado en una disminuci\u00f3n similar en la incidencia de c\u00e1nceres de tabaco relacionados con el tabaquismo. la cavidad bucal, laringe e hipofaringe. Se esperaba que OPC siguiera el mismo patr\u00f3n. Sin embargo, si bien la incidencia de OPC VPH negativo disminuy\u00f3, la incidencia de OPC VPH positivo aument\u00f3 en un 225 por ciento entre 1988 y 2009. Los Centros para el Control y la Prevenci\u00f3n de Enfermedades (CDC) se\u00f1alan que los OPC son uno de los cinco tipos de c\u00e1ncer que aumentaron. en incidencia de 1975 a 2009. La pendiente del crecimiento solo se ha vuelto m\u00e1s significativa en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, y se predice que la incidencia continuar\u00e1 aumentando en los EE. UU. durante los pr\u00f3ximos 30 a\u00f1os. Debido a estos aumentos, muchos, incluyendo el CDC<\/a>, llama al problema una epidemia.<\/p>\n

Hay pruebas s\u00f3lidas que respaldan el papel de la vacuna contra el VPH en las ni\u00f1as en la prevenci\u00f3n de la infecci\u00f3n genital por VPH y en la disminuci\u00f3n de la incidencia del c\u00e1ncer de cuello uterino. Por el contrario, se sabe poco sobre la eficacia de la vacuna contra la infecci\u00f3n oral por VPH. Por lo tanto, actualmente no se puede recomendar firmemente la vacunaci\u00f3n para la prevenci\u00f3n primaria del OPC. De todos modos, la identificaci\u00f3n de una causa importante para este c\u00e1ncer brinda una oportunidad poco com\u00fan y quiz\u00e1s extraordinaria para el desarrollo de intervenciones de salud p\u00fablica. Vacunaci\u00f3n profil\u00e1ctica contra el VPH<\/a> Es muy prometedor para revertir la tendencia de incidencia creciente de OPC despu\u00e9s de 2060. El v\u00ednculo causal entre el VPH y el HNC ha llevado a un cambio de paradigma en nuestra comprensi\u00f3n del riesgo de HNC, con importantes implicaciones para la prevenci\u00f3n global del c\u00e1ncer.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In 2007, the International Agency for Research on Cancer affirmed that there was sufficient evidence to conclude that the human<\/p>","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":2350,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[360],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18076","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-public-health"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHuman Papilloma Virus Connected with Head and Neck Cancer | CADCA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"CADCA represents over 5,000 community coalitions that involve individuals from key sectors including schools, law enforcement, youth, parents, healthcare, media, tribal communities and others\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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